One of the great joys of growing older is the arrival of grandchildren and the mutual adoration that so often springs up between the youngest and oldest members of a family.

Grandparents who aren't the primary caregivers often see in their grandchildren a chance to express boundless, unconditional love without the restraints and responsibilities of parenthood. But if your grandchildren live hundreds or even thousands of miles away, you may find your love mixed with large measures of sadness, resentment and anxiety.

Mildred Adleman, 74, still lives in the house in Philadelphia where she raised her son and daughter. While her children were growing up, her own mother lived a few miles away and visited several times a week.

"Every Sunday was like a party," she said. "My mother's greatest pleasure was to drive over here and take my children shopping."

Adleman and her kids loved having a doting grandmother close at hand, and she looked forward to assuming a similar role. But like many children, hers grew up and moved far away. Once a year Adleman flies to Berkeley, California, to see her daughter and her 4-year-old granddaughter. She makes a second annual trip to Chicago, where her son and her 7- and 10-year-old grandsons live.

"I think it's terrible," she says. "I never thought I wouldn't get to see my grandchildren grow up. Each time I get off the plane in Chicago, it's like I'm a stranger. I get the stilted, obligatory kiss. They don't know what to say to me. I ask them questions and they give me one-syllable answers. I want to shop for them, and I don't even know their sizes."

Perhaps these feelings are most poignant when she sees the boys with their mother's parents, who live nearby. The taste of what might have been is particularly bitter then.

"I am jealous of the grandparents who live there," she says, remembering how her grandchildren rush to hug their other grandparents and tell them about their adventures. "I'm always the guest grandmother. They aren't used to me. It's just not the same as when you see them every week."

Like many grandparents, Adleman longs to know what's going on in her grandchildren's lives, good or bad. That desire intensifies when one of them is sick and she can't be near.

"When my granddaughter was born, it was touch and go, and I was beside myself," she says. "I really wanted to be at my daughter's side. You wait for the call and you wish you could be there and be of some help."

Losing a sense of community

Of course, not all grandparents feel this way. Many see their retirement years as a respite from decades of meeting their children's needs.

"Some grandparents choose to move away to the Sunbelt," says Dr. Lillian Carson, a psychologist in Santa Barbara, California and the author of The Essential Grandparent: A Guide to Making a Difference. "There are grandparents who feel like, 'I've been there, done that. I want to play golf and be in the warm climate.' When they make these permanent moves away from their families it almost seems as if they're choosing to miss out on their grandchildren's lives."

But, she adds, grandparents like Adleman, who lack an outlet for the love that fills their hearts, understand that they have something unique to offer their grandchildren.

"Grandparents are needed more than ever now that we've become a more fragmented and mobile society," Carson says. "We're losing a sense of community. Grandparents offer support and stability. Parents are infected by anxiety and overwhelmed by the dos and don'ts of parenting. Grandparents are outside that daily grind, and they bring a different perspective."

That's why strong relationships with grandparents can strengthen the entire family, she notes. "We grandparents listen differently. We can be more patient and accepting than parents. And a grandparent can let children know that they are part of something greater than themselves. By giving children a sense of the past, you can help them see that they are part of a family and a community."

Carson, whose own 10 grandchildren are scattered across the country, says that, short of moving, there are some important steps distant grandparents can take to enhance these relationships.

"Long distance grandparenting takes creativity and continuity," she says. "You've got to find ways to let them know that you are thinking about them." Phone, fax, mail, e-mail -- it doesn't matter as long as it's regular communication.

When Carson couldn't travel to Northern California for her granddaughter's first piano recital, she splurged and sent flowers. Her granddaughter was so impressed by getting a delivery from a florist that she took the flowers with her to dinner after the recital. "They put the flowers I sent on the table, so even though I couldn't be there, Grandma Lily had a presence there."

One of her Santa Barbara friends has a regular Saturday telephone-reading date with grandchildren who live in Oregon. This grandmother buys two copies of each storybook and sends one to the children so they can follow along.

If your grandchildren have never seen where you live, take photos of your home, your friends, your street, your pets, so that they can begin to get a sense of your life. "Tell them what you do," Carson says. "Tell them your stories, and you become real to them."

That could include making a photo album for your grandchildren. For young children, some grandparents have turned their albums into lessons on the ABCs: A photo of family members picking apples can be placed, for example on the "A" page for "apples."

And since many families are so frequently on the move they are hard to reach by phone, grandparents could agree with their children on a special time every weekend when their grandkids will be home anticipating a phone call. There are also more opportunities than ever for vacation trips specially designed for grandparents and their grandchildren.

And Carson, who believes all children benefit from the strong presence of elders, encourages distant grandparents to get to know local youngsters who are the same age as their grandchildren. "It helps you connect to see what children their ages are like."

Carson herself volunteers as a classroom reader at a local elementary school. "I love going into the classroom," she says. "There's much to be gained from finding some children to be with. Take a walk. Bake some cookies. As elders, we need to embrace all children."

-- Teresa Moore is a media studies instructor at the University of San Francisco. A former reporter for the San Francisco Chronicle, Moore has also written for the Family Therapy Networker, the Washington Post, New York Newsday, and Parenting.

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Reviewed by Patrick Irvine, MD, a noted geriatrician and pharmacologist who lives in Minneapolis, MN.

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